Litene tsa Anchor tse Hanyetsang: Motheo oa Botsitso ba Sebōpi sa Mocheso o Phahameng

Libakeng tsa indasteri tse nang le mocheso o phahameng—ho tloha liontong tsa tšepe ho ea ho liontong tse potolohang tsa samente—litene tsa ankora tse hanyetsangke likarolo tsa bohlokoa tse netefatsang polokeho le ho tšoarella ha masela a sebopi. Jwalo ka "mokokotlo" wa meaho ya sebopi sa diindasteri, ditena tsena tse ikgethang di bapala karolo ya bohlokwa ho tiiseng le ho tshehetseng masela a thibelang ho thibana, ho thibela ho arohana le ho putlama tlasa mocheso o feteletseng le kgatello ya mechine. Ho kgetha ditena tsa ankora tsa boleng bo hodimo tse thibelang ho thibana ha di atolose bophelo ba tshebeletso ya sebopi feela empa hape di fokotsa ditjeo tsa tlhokomelo le ho ntlafatsa bokgoni ba tshebetso.

Litene tsa ankora tse hanelang li entsoe ho mamella maemo a thata, ka khanyetso ea mocheso e tlohang ho 1200℃ ho isa ho 1800℃ ho latela motsoako oa thepa. Li entsoe ka thepa e tala ea boleng bo holimo e kang alumina e phahameng, corundum, le silicon carbide, li na le khanyetso e ntle ea mocheso, matla a phahameng a mechini, le khanyetso e matla ea mafome khahlanong le slag ea sebōpi le khase ea flue. Moralo oa tsona o ikhethang oa sebopeho—ka ntlha e leketlileng bakeng sa ho hokela likhetla tsa tšepe tsa sebōpi le ntlha e hanelang e kentsoeng ka har'a li-linings tse hanelang—li etsa khokahano e tiileng e abang khatello ea mocheso ka ho lekana, e qoba ho petsoha le ho petsoha ha lera.

Ho tenyetseha ha litene tsa ankora tse hanyetsang ho etsa hore li lokele mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso tsa indasteri. Li sebelisoa haholo ho tsa tšepe (lifono tsa ho phatloha, litofo tse chesang), thepa ea kaho (li-oven tsa samente tse potolohang, lifono tsa khalase), lik'hemik'hale tsa petroleum (lifono tsa ho petsoha, li-gasifier), le tlhahiso ea motlakase (li-boiler, li-incinerator). Ebang ke bakeng sa litlhōrō tsa lifono, mabota, kapa libaka tse ling tse nang le mocheso o phahameng, litene tsena li fana ka tšehetso e tšepahalang, e netefatsang botšepehi ba mahlakore a hanyetsang esita le tlas'a potoloho ea mocheso khafetsa.

Ha ho bapisoa le lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa ho hanyetsa, litene tsa rona tsa ankora tse hanyetsang li fana ka melemo e ikhethang: ho tsamaisa mocheso o tlase ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso, libopeho le boholo bo ka fetoloang ho lekana meralo e fapaneng ea sebōpi, le ho kenngoa le ho nkeloa sebaka habonolo ho fokotsa nako ea ho sebetsa. Re khomarela litekanyetso tse tiileng tsa taolo ea boleng, re netefatsa hore setene se seng le se seng se fihlela litlhoko tsa indasteri bakeng sa matla, botsitso le ho tšoarella. Lihlahisoa tsa rona ha li ntlafatse polokeho ea sebōpi feela empa li boetse li kenya letsoho paballong ea matla ka ho fokotsa tšenyo ea mocheso.

Lefatšeng la kajeno la indasteri le hlōlisanang, ho tsetela liteneng tsa ankora tse hanyetsang tse sebetsang hantle ke khetho e bohlale bakeng sa likhoebo tse batlang botsitso ba ts'ebetso ea nako e telele. Hore na u hloka litene tsa ankora tse tloaelehileng kapa tse ikhethileng, re fana ka litharollo tse etselitsoeng uena ho fihlela litlhoko tsa hau tse ikhethileng tsa ts'ebeliso ea mocheso o phahameng. Tšepa litene tsa rona tsa ankora tse hanyetsang ho sireletsa lionto tsa hau tsa indasteri le ho khanna tlhahiso e sebetsang hantle le e sireletsehileng.