Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse tala tsa refractory le mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho arola. Ho na le lihlopha tse tšeletseng ka kakaretso.
Ntlha ea pele, ho ea ka likarolo tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa refractory lihlahisoa tse tala
E ka aroloa ka lisebelisoa tse tala tsa oxide le lisebelisoa tse tala tsa non-oxide. Ka nts'etsopele ea mahlale a morao-rao le thekenoloji, metsoako e meng ea manyolo e fetohile lisebelisoa tse tlang pele kapa lisebelisoa tse thusang tsa ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ho hanyetsa mollo lisebelisoa tse tala.
Tse peli, ho ea ka likarolo tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa refractory lihlahisoa tse tala
Ho ea ka litšoaneleho tsa lik'hemik'hale, lisebelisoa tse tala tsa ho hanyetsa mollo li ka aroloa ka lisebelisoa tse tala tsa acid, tse kang silika, zircon, joalo-joalo; Lisebelisoa tse tala tse sa jeleng paate, tse kang corundum, bauxite (acidic), mullite (acidic), pyrite (alkaline), graphite, joalo-joalo; Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa ho hanyetsa mollo oa alkaline, joalo ka magnesia, lehlabathe la dolomite, lehlabathe la magnesia calcium, joalo-joalo.
Tse tharo, ho ea ka tlhahiso ea mosebetsi oa ho hlophisa
Ho ea ka karolo ea eona ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea refractory, lisebelisoa tse tala tsa refractory li ka aroloa ka lisebelisoa tsa mantlha le lisebelisoa tse thusang.
Thepa e ka sehloohong e tala ke 'mele o ka sehloohong oa thepa ea refractory. Lisebelisoa tse thusang li ka aroloa ka li-binders le li-additives. Mosebetsi oa binder ke ho etsa hore 'mele oa refractory o be le matla a lekaneng nakong ea tlhahiso le tšebeliso. Tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo ke sulfite pulp waste liquid, asphalt, phenolic resin, aluminate samente, sodium silicate, phosphoric acid le phosphate, sulfate, 'me tse ling tsa lisebelisoa tse tala ka botsona li na le karolo ea li-agent tse tlamang, tse kang letsopa le kopantsoeng; Karolo ea li-additives ke ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso kapa ts'ebetso ea kaho ea thepa ea refractory, kapa ho matlafatsa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa refractory, tse kang stabilizer, metsi a fokotsang metsi, inhibitor, plasticizer, dispersant ea foaming, moemeli oa katoloso, antioxidant, joalo-joalo.
Tse 'nè, ho ea ka mofuta oa acid le lihlopha tsa motheo
Ho latela acid le alkali, lisebelisoa tse tala tsa refractory li ka aroloa haholo ka mekhahlelo e mehlano e latelang.
(1) Lintho tse tala tse nang le asiti
Haholo-holo lisebelisoa tse tala tsa siliceous, tse kang quartz, squamquartz, quartzite, chalcedony, chert, opal, quartzite, lehlabathe le tšoeu la silica, diatomite, lisebelisoa tsena tse tala li na le silica (SiO2) bonyane ho feta 90%, lisebelisoa tse tala li na le silika holimo. ho feta 99%. Lisebelisoa tse tala tsa siliceous li na le acidic mocheso o phahameng oa lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale, ha ho na le li-oxide tsa tšepe, kapa ha li kopana le liketso tsa lik'hemik'hale, 'me li kopantsoe ho li-silicate tse fusible. Ka hona, haeba thepa e tala ea siliceous e na le tekanyo e nyenyane ea tšepe ea oxide, e tla ama ka ho teba ho hanyetsa mocheso oa eona.
(2) lisebelisoa tse tala tsa semi-acidic
Haholo-holo ke letsopa le refractory. Nakong e fetileng, letsopa le thathamisitsoe e le lintho tse nang le asiti, ha e le hantle ha lia lokela. Asiti ea lihlahisoa tse tala e thehiloe holim'a silika ea mahala (SiO2) e le 'mele o ka sehloohong, hobane ho ea ka motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale oa letsopa le refractory le lisebelisoa tse tala tsa siliceous, silika ea mahala ka letsopa le refractory e tlase haholo ho feta lisebelisoa tse tala tsa siliceous.
Hobane ho na le 30% ~ 45% alumina ka letsopa ka kakaretso refractory, 'me alumina ke ka seoelo bolokolohi ba naha, tlameletsoe ho kopantswe le silika ka kaolinite (Al2O3 · 2SiO2 · 2H2O), esita le haeba ho na le ho honyenyane feteletseng silika palo, karolo ke e nyane haholo. Ka hona, thepa ea asiti ea letsopa le refractory e fokola haholo ho feta ea lisebelisoa tse tala tsa siliceous. Batho ba bang ba lumela hore letsopa refractory ka mocheso phahameng decomposition ka silicate mahala, alumina mahala, empa e sa fetoha, silicate mahala le alumina mahala tla kopantswe ka quartz (3Al2O3 · 2SiO2) ha tsoela pele ho futhumatsa. Quartz e na le khanyetso e ntle ea asiti ho alkaline slag, 'me ka lebaka la keketseho ea sebopeho sa aluminium ka letsopa le refractory, ntho ea asiti e ile ea fokola butle-butle, ha aluminium e fihla ho 50%, thepa ea alkaline kapa e sa nke lehlakore, haholo-holo e entsoeng ka setene sa letsopa tlas'a khatello e phahameng, boima bo phahameng. , compact e ntle, porosity e tlaase, ho hanyetsa slag ea alkaline ho matla ho feta silika tlas'a maemo a phahameng a mocheso. Quartz e boetse e lieha haholo mabapi le ho senyeha ha eona, kahoo re nka ho loketse ho arola letsopa le refractory e le semi-acidic. Letsopa la refractory ke thepa e tala ea mantlha le e sebelisoang haholo indastering ea refractory.
(3) thepa e sa jeleng paate
Lisebelisoa tse tala tse sa jeleng paate haholo-holo ke chromite, graphite, silicon carbide (ea maiketsetso), tlas'a maemo leha e le afe a mocheso u se ke ua itšoara ka acid kapa alkaline slag. Hona joale ho na le lisebelisoa tse peli tse joalo ka tlhaho, chromite le graphite. Ho phaella ho graphite ea tlhaho, ho na le graphite ea maiketsetso, lisebelisoa tsena tse tala tse sa nke lehlakore, li na le khanyetso e kholo ea slag, e loketseng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa alkaline refractory le acid refractory insulation.
(4) alkaline refractory lisebelisoa tse tala
Haholo-holo magnesite (magnesite), dolomite, kalaka, olivine, serpentine, phahameng alumina oksijene lisebelisoa tse tala (ka linako tse ling ho se nke lehlakore), lisebelisoa tsena tse tala li na le khanyetso e matla ea alkaline slag, e sebelisoang haholo ka sebōpi sa masonry alkaline, empa haholo-holo bonolo le acid slag lik'hemik'hale karabelo le. e be letsoai.
(5) Lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa refractory
Haholo-holo zirconia, titanium oxide, beryllium oxide, cerium oxide, thorium oxide, yttrium oxide joalo-joalo. Lisebelisoa tsena tse tala li na le likhato tse fapaneng tsa ho hanyetsa mefuta eohle ea slag, empa hobane mohloli oa thepa e tala ha o ngata haholo, o ke ke oa sebelisoa ka bongata ba indasteri ea refractory, o ka sebelisoa feela maemong a khethehileng, kahoo o bitsoa mollo o khethehileng. ho hanyetsa lisebelisoa tse tala.
Tse hlano, ho ea ka moloko oa lihlahisoa tse tala classification
Ho ea ka moloko oa lihlahisoa tse tala, e ka aroloa ka thepa ea tlhaho e tala le a maiketsetso a lihlahisoa tse tala mekhahlelo e 'meli.
(1) lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tse refractory
Lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tsa liminerale e ntse e le 'mele o ka sehloohong oa lihlahisoa tse tala. Liminerale tse hlahang tlhahong li entsoe ka likarolo tse li etsang. Hona joale, ho 'nile ha pakoa hore palo eohle ea oksijene, silicon le aluminium likarolo tse tharo li etsa hoo e ka bang 90% ea kakaretso ea likarolo tse ka har'a mokokotlo,' me oxide, silicate le aluminosilicate minerals account bakeng sa melemo e totobetseng, e leng e kholo haholo. mehloli ea lintho tsa tlhaho tse tala.
China e na le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse tala tsa refractory, tse fapaneng. Magnesite, bauxite, graphite le lisebelisoa tse ling li ka bitsoa litšiea tse tharo tsa lihlahisoa tse tala tsa Chaena; Magnesite le bauxite, mehloli e meholo, boemo bo phahameng; Letsopa la boleng bo holimo la refractory, silika, dolomite, magnesia dolomite, magnesia olivine, serpentine, zircon le lisebelisoa tse ling li ajoa haholo.
Mefuta e ka sehloohong ea lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tse tala ke: silika, quartz, diatomite, boka, letsopa, bauxite, cyanite mineral raw materials, magnesite, dolomite, limestone, magnesite olivine, serpentine, talc, chlorite, zircon, plagiozircon, perlite, chromium iron le chromium iron. graphite ea tlhaho.
Tšelela, Ho ea ka sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tsa refractory li ka aroloa ka:
Silicous: joalo ka silika ea crystalline, silika e entsoeng ka lehlabathe la quartz, joalo-joalo;
② semi-siliceous (phyllachite, joalo-joalo)
③ Letsopa: joalo ka letsopa le thata, letsopa le bonolo, joalo-joalo; Kopanya letsopa le letsopa clinker
(4) Aluminium e phahameng: e tsejoang hape e le jade, joalo ka bauxite e phahameng, liminerale tsa sillimanite;
⑤ Magnesium: magnesite;
⑥ Dolomite;
⑦ Chromite [(Fe,Mg)O·(Cr,Al)2O3];
Zircon (ZrO2 · SiO2).
Lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tse tala hangata li na le litšila tse ngata, sebopeho ha se tsitsitse, ts'ebetso e fetoha haholo, ke lisebelisoa tse 'maloa feela tse tala tse ka sebelisoang ka kotloloho, boholo ba tsona li tlameha ho hloekisoa, ho hlophisoa kapa ho calcined ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tlhahiso ea thepa ea refractory.
(2) thepa e tala e hanyetsanang le mollo
Mefuta ea liminerale tsa tlhaho tse sebelisoang bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse tala li na le moeli, 'me hangata ha li khone ho finyella litlhoko tsa boleng bo phahameng le lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa theknoloji bakeng sa litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa indasteri ea morao-rao. Synthetic refractory lihlahisoa tse tala li ka fihla ka botlalo ho batho ba pele ba etselitsoeng lik'hemik'hale tsa liminerale le sebopeho, sebopeho sa eona se hloekileng, sebopeho se teteaneng, sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale se bonolo ho se laola, kahoo boleng bo tsitsitse, bo ka etsa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse tsoetseng pele tsa refractory, ke eona e tala e ka sehloohong. thepa ea sejoale-joale litsebo tse phahameng le lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa theknoloji tse refractory. Tsoelo-pele ea thepa ea maiketsetso ea refractory e potlakile haholo lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng.
Lisebelisoa tse tala tse entsoeng ka maiketsetso haholo-holo ke magnesium aluminium spinel, synthetic mullite, magnesia ea metsi a leoatle, synthetic magnesium cordierite, sintered corundum, titanate ea aluminium, silicon carbide joalo-joalo.
Nako ea poso: May-19-2023
