E ka Lahleloa ka Refractory
Li-castle tse hanelang ho phatlohake metsoako e kopantsoeng esale pele e nang le metsoako e hanyetsang e hloekileng haholo, phofo e ntle, li-binder tsa litsebi, le lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng. Ka ho eketsoa ha metsi kapa lino tse khethehileng, li ka hahuoa habonolo ka ho tšela, ho thothomela, kapa ho toroela, 'me li ka boela tsa etsoa likarolo tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o ikhethileng ho lekana meaho e rarahaneng ea sebōpi. Hang ha li phekotsoe, li etsa lesela le se nang sekoli la monolithic le fetang litene tsa setso tse hanyetsang ka katleho ea ho kenya le ho thibela mocheso.
Pele e ne e tsejoa e lekonkreite e hanyetsangKa lebaka la sebopeho sa eona se tšoanang, mokhoa oa ho seta, le mokhoa oa kaho le konkreite ea boenjiniere ba sechaba, li-castable tsa rona tse hanyetsang li ntlafalitsoe ka mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ho fana ka ts'ebetso e phahameng libakeng tse thata tsa indasteri.
Tlhophiso ea Lihlahisoa
Re fana ka mefuta e felletseng ea li-castable tse hanyetsang ho fihlela litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa indasteri, tse arotsoeng ka thepa, binder le ts'ebetso:
1. Ka Boitsebiso:Li-castable tse phahameng tsa alumina, li-castable tsa alumina-magnesia, li-castable tsa alumina-silicon carbide-carbon, li-castable tse hanyetsanang le asiti, li-castable tse hanyetsanang le alkali, li-castable tse thibelang mocheso tse bobebe, jj.
2. Ka Binder:Di-castable tse kopantsoeng ka samente tse nang le calcium aluminate, di-castable tse kopantsoeng ka samente tse tlase/tse tlase/tse se nang letho, di-castable tse kopantsoeng ka phosphate, di-castable tse kopantsoeng ka silica sol, jj. (di-castable tse kopantsoeng ka samente tse tlase/tse tlase haholo di na le masoba a tlase le matla a phahameng a mechini).
3. Ka Tshebetso:Li-castable tse iketsang, li-castable tse omang kapele, li-castable tse sa tsofaleng, li-castable tse sa tsofaleng tse hanelang mocheso, li-castable tse hanelang ho futhumatsa, jj.
Melemo ea Bohlokoa:
1. Khanyetso e Ikhethang ea Mocheso o Phahameng:E khona ho mamella mocheso ho fihlela ho 1600-1800°C, e boloka botsitso ba sebopeho ntle le ho bola kapa tahlehelo ea thepa esita le maemong a indasteri a chesang joalo ka ho qhibiliha ha tšepe le tlhahiso ea khalase.
2. Ho Tšoarella ho Phahameng le Khanyetso ea ho Sila:E hanela ho tsofala, khoholeho ea lerōle le qhibilihisitsoeng, le tlhaselo ea lik'hemik'hale, e fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho nkeloa sebaka le tlhokomelo khafetsa, 'me e eketsa nako ea tšebeletso ea masela a hau a setofo haholo.
3. Botsitso bo Botle ba ho Tšoha ha Thermal:E ka mamella ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso ka tshohanyetso ntle le ho petsoha kapa ho fokola, e leng se etsang hore e be e loketseng disebediswa tse nang le tshebetso ya ho emisa ho qala kgafetsa, jwalo ka di-oven tse potolohang le dilae tsa tshepe.
4. Kaho e Tenyetsehang le ho Itlhophisa:E loketse ho kenngoa ka dibopeho tse rarahaneng le dijiometri tse rarahaneng, e ikamahanya le meralo e fapaneng ya onto; re boetse re fana ka dikarolo tse ikgethileng tse rerilweng esale pele le diphetoho tsa foromo ho latela maemo a hao a itseng a mosebetsi (mocheso, mojaro wa mechini, mofuta wa ho bola).
5. Tshebetso e Bolokehileng ya Matla le ho Boloka Ditjeo ka Botlalo:Tshebetso e ntle ya ho kwahela mocheso e fokotsa tahlehelo ya mocheso, e fokotsa tshebediso ya matla bakeng sa tlhokomelo ya mocheso; tshebetso e bonolo ya kaho e ntlafatsa bokgoni ba ho kenya mme e fokotsa ditjeo tsa basebetsi; dikgetho tse ka sebediswang hape di a fumaneha ho tshehetsa tlhahiso e tsitsitseng.
6. Matla a Ntlafalitsoeng (Ha ho hlokahale):Ho eketsa likhoele tsa tšepe e sa ruseng ho ntlafatsa haholo ho tiea ha mechini bakeng sa libaka tse nang le matla a maholo a mechini; ho eketsa likhoele tse sa ruseng ho ntlafatsa ho tiea le ho tiea ha mocheso bakeng sa ho thibela ho tima ha li-castable tse sa ruseng.
| Lebitso la Sehlahisoa | E ka Lahleloa ka Samente e Tlase | |||||
| INDEX | RBTZJ-42 | RBTZJ-60 | RBTZJ-65 | RBTZJS-65 | RBTZJ-70 | |
| Mocheso o Fokotsang ho Sebetsa | 1300 | 1350 | 1400 | 1400 | 1450 | |
| Bongata ba Bongata (g/cm3) 110℃×24h≥ | 2.15 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.45 | |
| Matla a ho Koba a Batang 110℃×24h(MPa) ≥ | 4 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | |
| Matla a ho Silakanya a Batang (MPa) ≥ | 110℃×24h | 25 | 30 | 35 | 35 | 40 |
| CT℃×lihora tse 3 | 50 1300℃×3h | 55 1350℃×3h | 60 1400℃×3h | 40 1400℃×3h | 70 1400℃×3h | |
| Phetoho e sa Feleng ea Linear @CT℃ × 3h(%) | -0.5~+0.5 1300℃ | -0.5~+0.5 1350℃ | 0~+0.8 1400℃ | 0~+0.8 1400℃ | 0~+1.0 1400℃ | |
| Khanyetso ea Thermal Shock (Metsi a 1000℃) ≥ | ― | ― | ― | 20 | ― | |
| Al2O3(%) ≥ | 42 | 60 | 65 | 65 | 70 | |
| CaO(%) ≤ | 2-3 | 2-3 | 2-3 | 2-3 | 2-3 | |
| Fe2O3(%) ≤ | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | |
| Lebitso la Sehlahisoa | Matla a Phahameng a ka Lahleloa | |||||
| INDEX | HS-50 | HS-60 | HS-70 | HS-80 | HS-90 | |
| Mocheso o Fokotsang ho Sebetsa (℃) | 1400 | 1500 | 1600 | 1700 | 1800 | |
| 110℃ Bongata ba Boima(g/cm3) ≥ | 2.15 | 2.30 | 2.40 | 2.50 | 2.90 | |
| Modulus ea ho Rutture(MPa) ≥ | 110℃×24h | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8.5 | 10 |
| 1100℃×3h | 8 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 9 | 9.5 | |
| 1400℃×3h | 8.5 1300℃×3h | 9 | 9.5 | 10 | 15 | |
| Matla a ho Silakanya a Batang (MPa) ≥ | 110℃×24h | 35 | 40 | 40 | 45 | 60 |
| 1100℃×3h | 40 | 50 | 45 | 50 | 70 | |
| 1400℃×3h | 45 1300℃×3h | 55 | 50 | 55 | 100 | |
| Phetoho e sa Feleng ea Linear (%) | 1100℃×3h | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.25 | -0.15 | -0.1 |
| 1400℃×3h | -0.45 1300℃×3h | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.1 | |
| Al2O3(%) ≥ | 48 | 48 | 55 | 65 | 75 | 90 |
| CaO(%) ≤ | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Fe2O3(%) ≤ | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Lebitso la Sehlahisoa | Alumina e Phahameng e ka Lahloang | ||||||
| INDEX | Al2O3 (%) ≥ | CaO (%) ≥ | Ho se tsitse ha lehare (℃) | CT℃×3h PLC ≤1% | 110℃ Kamora ho Omisa (MPa) | ||
| CCS | MOR | ||||||
| Letsopa le Tlanngoeng | NL-45 | 45 | ― | 1700 | 1350 | 8 | 1 |
| NL-60 | 60 | ― | 1720 | 1400 | 9 | 1.5 | |
| NL-70 | 70 | ― | 1760 | 1450 | 10 | 2 | |
| Setlamo sa samente | GL-42 | 42 | ― | 1640 | 1350 | 25 | 3.5 |
| GL-50 | 50 | ― | 1660 | 1400 | 30 | 4 | |
| GL-60 | 60 | ― | 1700 | 1400 | 30 | 4 | |
| GL-70 | 70 | ― | 1720 | 1450 | 35 | 5 | |
| GL-85 | 85 | ― | 1780 | 1500 | 35 | 5 | |
| Samente e Tlase e Kopantsoeng | DL-60 | 60 | 2.5 | 1740 | 1500 | 30 | 5 |
| DL-80 | 80 | 2.5 | 1780 | 1500 | 40 | 6 | |
| Phosphate e Kopantsoeng | LL-45 | 45 | ― | 1700 | 1350 | 20 | 3.5 |
| LL-60 | 60 | ― | 1740 | 1450 | 25 | 4 | |
| LL-75 | 75 | ― | 1780 | 1500 | 30 | 5 | |
| Sodium Silicate e Kopantsoeng | BL-40 | 40 | ― | ― | 1000 | 20 | ― |
| Lebitso la Sehlahisoa | E bobebe e ka lahleloa | ||||||
| Mocheso o Fokotsang ho Sebetsa | 1100 | 1200 | 1400 | 1500 | 1600 | ||
| 110℃ Bongata ba Boima(g/cm3) ≥ | 1.15 | 1.25 | 1.35 | 1.40 | 1.50 | ||
| Modulus ea ho Rutture(MPa) ≥ | 110℃×24h | 2.5 | 3 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.0 | |
| 1100℃×3h | 2 | 2 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 3.0 | ||
| 1400℃×3h | ― | ― | 3 | 10.8 | 8.1 | ||
| Matla a ho Silakanya a Batang (MPa) ≥ | 110℃×24h | 8 | 8 | 11 | 12 | 10 | |
| 1100℃×3h | 4 | 4 | 5 | 11 | 10 | ||
| 1400℃×3h | ― | ― | 15 | 22 | 14 | ||
| Phetoho e sa Feleng ea Linear (%) | 1100℃×3h | -0.65 1000℃×3h | -0.8 | -0.25 | -0.15 | -0.1 | |
| 1400℃×3h | ― | ― | -0.8 | -0.55 | -0.45 | ||
| Ho khanna ha mocheso (W/mk) | 350℃ | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.48 | 0.52 | |
| 700℃ | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.45 | 0.61 | 0.64 | ||
| Al2O3(%) ≥ | 33 | 35 | 45 | 55 | 65 | ||
| Fe2O3(%) ≤ | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | ||
1. E ka lahleloa ka aluminium e phahameng:Sesebelisoa sa ho lahla sa aluminium e phahameng se entsoe haholo-holo ka alumina (Al2O3) 'me se na le ho hanyetsa ho hoholo, ho hanyetsa slag le ho hanyetsa ho thothomela ha mocheso. Se sebelisoa haholo liontong le liforong tsa mocheso o phahameng ka har'a tšepe, litšepe tse se nang ferrous, lik'hemik'hale le liindasteri tse ling.
2. Tšepe e matlafalitsoeng e ka lahleloa ka tšepe:Setlolo se matlafalitsoeng sa tšepe se thehilwe hodima di-castable tse tlwaelehileng mme di-fiber tsa tshepe di a eketswa ho eketsa kganyetso ya sona ya mocheso, kganyetso ya ho tsofala le kganyetso ya slag. Se sebediswa haholoholo diontong, dibotong tsa ontong le dikarolong tse ding indastering ya tshepe, metallurgy, petrochemical le tse ding.
3. E ka lahleloa ka bongata:Sesebelisoa sa ho lahla sa Mullite se entsoe haholo-holo ka mullite (MgO·SiO2) 'me se na le khanyetso e ntle ea ho tsofala, ho hanyetsa le ho hanyetsa slag. Hangata se sebelisoa likarolong tsa bohlokoa tse kang liontong tsa ho etsa tšepe le li-converter indastering ea tšepe, ea tšepe le ea tse ling.
4. Silicon carbide e ka lahleloa:Silicon carbide castable e entsoe haholo-holo ka silicon carbide (SiC) 'me e na le khanyetso e ntle ea ho tsofala, khanyetso ea slag le khanyetso ea mocheso. E sebelisoa haholo liontong tsa mocheso o phahameng, libetheng tsa ontong le likarolong tse ling tsa litšepe tse se nang ferrous, lik'hemik'hale, liserami le liindasteri tse ling.
5. Disebediswa tse ka lahlelwang tse se nang samente e ngata:e bua ka di-castable tse nang le samente e tlase, e leng hoo e ka bang 5%, mme tse ding di bile di fokotswa ho 1% ho isa ho 2%. Di-castable tse nang le samente e tlase di sebedisa dikarolwana tse ntle haholo tse sa feteng 1μm, mme kganyetso ya tsona ya mocheso, kganyetso ya slag le kganyetso ya kgoholeho ya mobu di ntlafaditswe haholo. Di-castable tse nang le samente e tlase di loketse di-linings tsa dionto tse fapaneng tsa kalafo ya mocheso, dionto tsa ho futhumatsa, di-kiln tse otlolohileng, di-kiln tse potolohang, dikoahelo tsa onto ya motlakase, masoba a ho tapa a onto ya ho phatloha, jj.; di-castable tse nang le samente e tlase tse ikemelang di loketse di-linings tsa sethunya sa spray bakeng sa metallurgy ya spray, di-linings tse hanelang ho robeha mochesong o phahameng bakeng sa di-reactor tsa petrochemical catalytic cracking, le di-linings tse ka ntle tsa diphaephe tsa ho phodisa metsi a onto ya ho futhumatsa.
6. Li-castable tse hanyetsanang le ho tsofala tse sa tsofaleng:Likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa li-castable tse hanyetsang ho tsofala li kenyelletsa li-aggregates tse hanyetsang, phofo, li-additives le li-binder. Li-castable tse thibelang ho tsofala ke mofuta oa thepa e sa fetoheng e sebelisoang haholo indastering ea tšepe, lik'hemik'hale tsa peterole, thepa ea kaho, motlakase le liindasteri tse ling. Thepa ena e na le melemo ea ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho tsofala le ho hanyetsa khoholeho ea mobu. E sebelisoa ho lokisa le ho sireletsa lesela la lisebelisoa tse futhumatsang mocheso o phahameng tse kang lionto le li-boiler ho eketsa bophelo ba ts'ebeletso ea lisebelisoa.
7. Lebese le ka lahleloa:Ladle castable ke castable e sa fetoheng e entsoeng ka clinker ea boleng bo holimo ea alumina bauxite le silicon carbide e le thepa ea mantlha, e nang le sehokelo sa samente sa aluminate se hloekileng, se qhalanyang, sesebelisoa se thibelang ho honyela, coagulant, faeba e sa phatloheng le lintho tse ling tse tlatsetsang. Hobane e na le phello e ntle lera le sebetsang la ladle, e boetse e bitsoa aluminium silicon carbide castable.
8. E bobebe e thibelang ho ruruha e ka lahleloa e sa thibeleng ho ruruha:Sesebelisoa se bobebe sa ho thibela ho ruruha se thibelang ho ruruha ke sesebelisoa se thibelang ho ruruha se nang le boima bo bobebe, matla a phahameng le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho thibela ho futhumatsa. Haholo-holo se entsoe ka lihlopha tse bobebe (tse kang perlite, vermiculite, jj.), thepa e tsitsitseng mochesong o phahameng, li-binder le li-additives. E sebelisoa haholo lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa indasteri tse futhumatsang hodimo, tse kang liontong tsa indasteri, liontong tsa kalafo ea mocheso, liontong tsa tšepe, liontong tse qhibilihang tsa khalase, jj., ho ntlafatsa ts'ebeliso e ntle ea matla ea lisebelisoa le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla.
9. Corundum e ka lahleloa:Ka ts'ebetso ea eona e ntle haholo, corundum castable e fetohile khetho e ntle bakeng sa likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa lionto tsa mocheso. Litšobotsi tsa corundum castable ke matla a phahameng, mocheso o nolofatsang mojaro o phahameng le ho hanyetsa slag hantle, jj. Mocheso o sebelisoang ka kakaretso ke 1500-1800℃.
10. Magnesium e ka lahleloa:Haholo-holo e sebelisoa lisebelisoa tsa mocheso o phahameng, e na le khanyetso e ntle khahlanong le ho bola ha alkaline slag, index e tlase ea oksijene 'me ha e na tšilafalo khahlanong le tšepe e qhibilihisitsoeng. Ka hona, e na le menyetla e mengata ea ts'ebeliso indastering ea tšepe, haholo-holo tlhahisong ea tšepe e hloekileng le indastering ea thepa ea kaho.
11. Letsopa le ka lahleloa:Likarolo tse ka sehloohong ke letsopa le clinker le letsopa le kopantsoeng, le nang le botsitso bo botle ba mocheso le ho se fetohe ha mocheso ka tsela e itseng, 'me theko e tlase haholo. Hangata e sebelisoa ka har'a lesela la lionto tse akaretsang tsa indasteri, joalo ka lionto tse futhumatsang, lionto tse futhumatsang, liboiler, jj. E ka mamella mocheso o itseng oa mojaro oa mocheso 'me ea bapala karolo ho thibeleng mocheso le ho sireletsa' mele oa sebopi.
12. Li-castable tse ommeng:Disebediswa tse ommeng tse ka lahlelwang di entswe haholo-holo ka di-aggregate tse hanyetsang, phofo, di-binder le metsi. Metswako e tlwaelehileng e kenyeletsa letsopa la clinker, tertiary alumina clinker, phofo e ntle haholo, samente ya CA-50, dispersants le di-agent tse kenelletseng tsa siliceous kapa feldspar.
Di-castable tse ommeng di ka arolwa ka mefuta e mengata ho latela tshebediso le metswako ya tsona. Mohlala, di-castable tse ommeng tse kenelletseng di sebediswa haholoholo diseleng tsa aluminium electrolytic, tse ka thibelang ho kenella ha di-electrolyte ka katleho le ho atolosa bophelo ba tshebeletso ya disele. Ho feta moo, di-castable tse ommeng tse hanelang di loketse di-hardware, ho qhibilihisa, indasteri ya dikhemikhale, ditshipi tse seng tsa ferrous le diindasteri tse ding, haholoholo indastering ya tshepe, tse kang molomo wa ontong o ka pele wa ontong, ontong e qhalanang, sekoahelo sa hlooho ya ontong le dikarolo tse ding.
Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa
Na u hloka thuso? Etsa bonnete ba hore u etela liforamo tsa rona tsa tšehetso bakeng sa likarabo tsa lipotso tsa hau!
Re moetsi oa 'nete, fektheri ea rona e ikhethile ka ho hlahisa thepa e hanyetsang ka lilemo tse fetang 30. Re tšepisa ho fana ka theko e ntle ka ho fetisisa, tšebeletso e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea pele ho thekiso le ea kamora thekiso.
Bakeng sa ts'ebetso e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea tlhahiso, RBT e na le sistimi e felletseng ea QC bakeng sa sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale le thepa ea 'mele. 'Me re tla leka thepa, 'me setifikeiti sa boleng se tla romelloa le thepa. Haeba u na le litlhoko tse khethehileng, re tla leka ka hohle ho li amohela.
Ho latela bongata, nako ea rona ea ho tlisa thepa e fapane. Empa re tšepisa ho e romella kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang ka boleng bo tiisitsoeng.
Ehlile, re fana ka disampole tsa mahala.
E, ehlile, o amohelehile ho etela k'hamphani ea RBT le lihlahisoa tsa rona.
Ha ho na moeli, re ka fana ka tlhahiso le tharollo e ntle ka ho fetisisa ho latela boemo ba hau.
Re ntse re etsa thepa e hanyetsang mocheso ka lilemo tse fetang 30, re na le tšehetso e matla ea tekheniki le boiphihlelo bo bongata, re ka thusa bareki ho rala li-kiln tse fapaneng le ho fana ka tšebeletso ea ho emisa hang feela.
